In a literary landscape increasingly dominated by rapid-fire plots and instant gratification, Susanna Clarke’s Piranesi stands as a testament to the power of patient storytelling and philosophical depth. Like the endless halls of its setting, the novel reveals its secrets gradually, allowing readers to become as wonderfully lost in its mysteries as its protagonist is in his marble world.
The Return of a Literary Voice
Coming sixteen years after her remarkable debut Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell, Clarke’s second novel demonstrates a striking evolution in her craft while maintaining her signature blend of elegant prose and philosophical inquiry. While her first novel was an sprawling alternate history of English magic, Piranesi is a more intimate yet equally profound exploration of consciousness, reality, and the nature of human identity.
Plot: A House of Infinite Rooms
The World Within
The story follows its narrator, who calls himself Piranesi (though he knows this isn’t his true name), as he lives in and documents a seemingly infinite House filled with countless statues and an ocean trapped within its walls. His only companion is a man he calls “the Other,” who visits twice weekly to conduct research into what he terms “A Great and Secret Knowledge.”
Unraveling Mysteries
As the narrative progresses, evidence appears suggesting the presence of other individuals, both past and present. Through journal entries and careful observation, Piranesi begins to uncover disturbing truths about his world, the Other, and his own identity. The mystery deepens with the appearance of messages warning of danger and the gradual emergence of memories that don’t align with his understanding of his world.
Strengths: Architectural Brilliance
Narrative Structure
The novel’s structure mirrors its setting—labyrinthine yet precise, with each revelation carefully placed to maximum effect. Clarke uses Piranesi’s journal entries to create a sense of immediacy while simultaneously building a complex puzzle for readers to unravel.
Prose and Atmosphere
Clarke’s writing is exquisite, creating an atmosphere that is both dreamlike and tangible. Her descriptions of the House and its statues are richly detailed yet never excessive, each carefully chosen word contributing to the overall mood and meaning.
Character Development
The evolution of Piranesi’s character is masterfully handled. His initial innocent acceptance of his world, his growing awareness of its inconsistencies, and his ultimate understanding of his situation form a compelling psychological journey that raises profound questions about identity and reality.
Areas for Consideration
Pacing
Some readers may find the first third of the novel slow, as Clarke prioritizes atmosphere and world-building over plot progression. While this serves the story’s themes, it might challenge readers expecting more immediate action.
Resolution
The final revelations, while satisfying, might feel too neat for some readers. The explanation for the House’s existence and the fate of certain characters could have been explored in greater depth.
Secondary Characters
While this serves the story’s isolated atmosphere, the limited cast means some interesting character dynamics remain unexplored.
Themes: The Architecture of Identity
Memory and Self
- The relationship between memory and identity
- The role of environment in shaping consciousness
- The nature of reality versus perception
Knowledge and Power
- The dangers of unchecked ambition
- The relationship between knowledge and ethics
- The value of different types of understanding
Isolation and Connection
- The human need for companionship
- The beauty found in solitude
- The various forms of imprisonment
Literary Craftsmanship
Symbolism
The House itself serves as a powerful metaphor for the mind, with its infinite rooms representing the vast scope of human consciousness. The statues, tides, and birds all carry symbolic weight that rewards careful analysis.
Narrative Voice
Clarke’s handling of Piranesi’s voice is particularly impressive, maintaining his unique perspective while allowing readers to understand things he doesn’t yet grasp.
Comparative Context
While Piranesi shares some DNA with other works of literary fantasy like David Mitchell’s The Bone Clocks or Jorge Luis Borges’s short stories, it carves out its own unique territory. The novel can be seen as a spiritual successor to works like Gene Wolfe’s The Book of the New Sun in its unreliable narration and layered meaning.
Impact and Resonance
Contemporary Relevance
The novel’s themes of isolation and the search for meaning feel particularly relevant in our increasingly disconnected world. Its exploration of different types of knowledge and power speaks to current debates about expertise and authority.
Literary Achievement
Clarke has created a work that functions both as an engaging mystery and a profound meditation on consciousness, memory, and the nature of reality.
Final Assessment
Piranesi is a remarkable achievement that rewards patient reading and rereading. While its deliberate pacing and abstract elements might not appeal to all readers, those willing to immerse themselves in its world will find a rich and thought-provoking experience.
Reading Recommendations
Perfect for readers who enjoy:
- Philosophical fantasy
- Unreliable narrators
- Atmospheric storytelling
- Complex puzzles
- Metaphysical mysteries
Conclusion: A House of Many Wonders
Piranesi stands as a testament to the continuing evolution of fantasy literature, proving that the genre can support profound philosophical inquiry while maintaining narrative engagement. Clarke has created a work that, like its setting, contains multitudes—each reading revealing new rooms to explore, new statues to contemplate, and new truths to uncover.
The novel’s power lies not just in its mystery or its meaning, but in the way it changes how we think about our own reality and identity. Like the endless halls of the House, it leaves us with the sense that there is always more to discover, always another door to open, always another tide to witness.